2010 IEEE International Conference on Mechatronics and Automation (ICMA 2010) will be held on August 4-7, 2010, in Xi’an, China, the ancient capital city with a history of more than 3,100 years and home to the World Heritage Site, the Terracotta Army. ICMA has grown into the largest gathering of its kind in the world for researchers and practitioners in the fields of mechatronics and automation. We anticipate the 2010 conference to be another tremendous opportunity for fruitful intellectual and social interactions among researchers of these increasingly important fields.