3 / 2015-09-11 10:07:48

环境因子对象鼻溞种群遗传多样性的影响

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摘 要：本文采集了江苏省13个水体象鼻溞，分别以mtDNA的非编码基因16S和编码基因COI为分子标记，研究了象鼻溞分布区内13个种群遗传多样性与环境因子之间的相关性。16S基因样本共127个，COI基因样本共121个。经过序列间的对比，将16S基因样本界定了17种单倍型，将COI基因样本界定了45种单倍型。所有的种群遗传多样性与环境因子相关性检验中，显示象鼻溞16S基因单倍型多样性与环境因子pH、SD呈正相关，与TP、NO2-、NH4+、NO3-、TN、COD、Chla呈负相关；核苷酸多样性与SD、TN 、pH、NH4+、NO2-、NO3-呈正相关，与TP、Chla、COD呈负相关。COI基因单倍型多样性与环境因子NO3-、pH 、COD呈正相关，与NH4+、SD、TN、NO2-、Chla 、TP呈负相关；核苷酸多样性与SD、NO2-、pH、NO3-呈正相关；与NH4+、COD、Chla、TN、TP呈负相关，相关性均不显著（P>0.05），其原因是13个水体均为长江下游水域，地理距离近，且象鼻溞通过鸟类等的传播交换频繁，没有形成严格的地理隔离。
关键词：象鼻溞；单倍型多样性；核苷酸多样性；环境因子
Abstract: Bosmina samples were collected from 13 waterbodies in Jiangsu province. The correlation between genetic diversity of 13 populations of bosmina and environmental factors, which based on non-coding gene 16S and the encoding genes COI of mtDNA as molecular marker was studied in this paper. There were 127 samples of the 16S gene, and 121 samples of COI gene. Through sequence alignment, they were defined as 17 haplotypes of 16S gene samples and 45 haplotypes of COI gene samples. Correlation test of genetic diversity and environmental factors indicated that haplotype diversity of 16S gene had positive correlation with environmental factors pH and SD, and had negative correlation with TP, NO2-, NH4+, NO3-, TN, COD and Chla. Nucleotide diversity had positive correlation with SD, TN, pH, NH4+, NO2- and NO3-, and had negative correlation with TP, Chla and COD. Haplotype diversity of COI gene had positive correlation with NO3-, pH and COD, and had negative correlation with NH4+, SD, TN, NO2-, Chla and TP. Nucleotide diversity had positive correlation with SD, NO2-, pH and NO3-, and had negative correlation with NH4+, COD, Chla, TN and TP, but the correlation was not significant(P>0.05). It should be that the 13 sampling areas were all along the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, with close distance, and bosmina exchanged frequently by the dissemination of birds. There was no geographical isolation strictly.
Keywords: bosmina; haplotype diversity; nucleotide diversity; environmental factors