Peanut shells is an excellent biological adsorbent for phenol removal. The influencing factors of adsorption of peanut shells on phenol were investigated and the kinetic datas were fitted to follow the pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order models. Results showed that the adsorption on 100mg/L phenol 250mL was rapid that it was up to equilibrium capacity in 80 min; the optimum dosage of peanut shell and temperature were 1.0g and 25°C. The better pH was less than 9. Under the optimum condition, the removal of phenol was 74.2%. The analysis of kinetic parameters showed that the adsorption procession of peanut shell on phenol fitted the pseudo-second-order model and the calculated equilibrium adsorption capacity is consistent with experimental equilibrium adsorption capacity.