The communication power supply system is facing severe overvoltage stress. The traditional overvoltage protector is difficult to take into account the lightning overvoltage protection level and long-term operation reliability. The high protection failure probability seriously affects the safety and reliability of the communication system operation. This paper proposed a design concept of an intelligent controllable surge protection module composed of a voltage-limiting varistor and a short-circuit controllable switch. Through the theoretical analysis regarding parameters of DC reference voltage and controllable voltage ratio and the experimental research of automatic energy coupling trigger circuit, a prototype was developed and a performance verification test was carried out. The DC reference voltage of the surge protection module is 2.16kV. Its operating charge rate is very low, and its leakage current is very small under the rated frequency voltage of 380V. It can still maintain long-term reliable and stable operation under 2pu overvoltage. In the range of 10kA(8/20), the maximum residual voltage of the surge protection module is 1.5kV, and the voltage ratio can be controlled within 0.7, much smaller than that of the conventional limited overvoltage protective module which is approximately 1.5. This study can significantly improved the voltage protection level of the intelligent surge protection module and provide a strong guarantee for the stable and safe operation of the communication base station.