In this paper, the mechanism of eccentric dancing motion of a spherical bubble in a standing wave acoustic field is studied by using the bubble motion model improved by Alexander a. doinikov and coupling the radial oscillation motion and translational motion of the bubble. A high-precision numerical method is used to solve the bubble motion model, and the nonlinear dynamic analysis method is used to analyze the complex motion of spherical microbubbles excited by sound waves. The results show that with the decrease of the bubble linear oscillation frequency, the microbubble oscillation will become chaotic one through a series of period doubling bifurcations; meanwhile, the analysis of the bifurcation diagram of the bubble radius with respect to the sound pressure amplitude shows that with the increase of the sound pressure amplitude, the microbubble oscillation will experience continuous oscillation. The system enters chaotic state by period doubling bifurcations and inverse period doubling bifurcations. In this study, both steady and unsteady solutions of the bubble nonlinear vibration are obtained. The results reveal the dynamic mechanism of the complex motion of spherical microbubbles under the excitation of underwater acoustic waves, which is of guiding significance to realize the motion control of microbubbles.